The application of pharmacogenomics (PGx) into routine, clinical care remains very limited, despite its potential to improve drug and dose selection based upon one’s genes. Two new reviews, one published online Dec. 27, 2016 in Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (CP&T) and one published in the December issue of the European Journal of Human Genetics, highlight both the challenges impeding translation of PGx into the clinic, as well as the surging number of implementation initiatives ongoing in the United States and Europe. Experts are optimistic that the evidence generated from these implementation initiatives will not only drive clinical adoption of PGx, but will shift momentum towards implementation of preemptive PGx testing strategies. "Since actionable PGx variants are ubiquitous and the results of PGx testing are life-long, we foresee a future where everyone undergoes PGx testing," writes lead author Cathelijne H. van der Wouden, from Leiden University Medical Centre (the Netherlands), in CP&T. "We consider that quantifying the collective clinical utility of a panel of PGx markers to be more relevant than providing evidence for individual drug-gene pairs. This will, however, still require the systematic implementation of a pre-emptive PGx." Evidence shows the majority of people have at least one actionable PGx […]